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"The Guardian Angel of the Poor People's Money"

Does it "Take a Thief to Catch a Thief?"

William "Boss" Tweed and his cohorts at Tammany Hall, the
Democratic political machine in New York City, were aided in their
illegal exploits by a few cooperative Republicans, such as Police
Commissioner Henry "Hank" Smith, portrayed here. Despite
different party affiliations, Smith’s relationship with Tweed was so
close that the police commissioner served as vice president of the
Americus Club, the financially and politically exclusive fraternity
which formed the social branch of the Tweed Ring. The civil servant had
no problem paying the club’s $1000 entry fee and $250 monthly dues.
In the early 1870s, the New York City police department was rife with
corruption. Under Smith’s watch, the police allowed illicit houses of
prostitution and gambling to flourish; extorted money from those
enterprises, along with saloons and other legitimate businesses;
enforced the will of Tweed Ring politicians; and gave immunity to
Ring-connected criminals. The effect on honest and dedicated police
officers was demoralizing.
When this cartoon appeared, most of the corrupt Tweed Ring had been
driven from office or were under indictment. In February 1872, The
New York Times reported Smith’s involvement in another scandal,
the details of which are aptly summarized in Nast’s cartoon. An
investigation after the bankruptcy of the Bowling Green Savings Bank, of
which Smith was president, turned up numerous irregularities. About
$25,000 in city bonds earmarked for street improvements was missing.
Nearly $70,000 in loans had been dispersed to nonexistent persons. Smith
had personally authorized loans without security or on worthless
collateral, resulting in a loss of $40,000 for bank depositors. Over
$30,000 of the bank’s current expenses were listed as
"loans." Smith and two other bank officials had used Bowling
Green Bank credit to withdraw nearly $65,000 from another bank for their
own use.
It came to light that Smith had used the influence of his position as
police commissioner to obtain $18,000 from the department’s fund for
widows and orphans of slain police officers. In addition, victims of the
Chicago Fire of 1871 never saw the $13,000 which was contributed by New
York City policemen and deposited in the Bowling Green Bank.
Furthermore, Smith had used his political connections to evade years of
rental payment, totaling about $52,000, on a pier he leased from the
city and sublet, at considerable profit, to a steamboat company of which
he served on the board of directors.
After being indicted on several charges, Hank Smith fled the country.
Robert C. Kennedy
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